Real-world optimization problems often require an external “modeling engine” that computes fitnesses or data that are then input to an objective function. These programs often have much longer ...

Abstract: Precise pressure control is vital in chemical processes involving pneumatic systems, where stability and responsiveness directly impact product quality and safety. This study presented the ...

Living organisms share an ancestor called the last universal common ancestor, or LUCA. LUCA is estimated to have lived ...

Abstract: Controlling nonlinear heat integrated distillation column (HIDiC) systems is notably challenging due to their complex dynamics and inherent nonlinearities. This study examines the ...