The modulators are the basic requirement of the communication systems they are designed to reduce the channel distortion & to use in RF communication hence many type of carrier modulation techniques ...
This paper is the study of the QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift keying) modulation technique using AWGN (Additive White Gaussian Noise) and Multipath Rayleigh fading channel. In QPSK scheme the authors ...
Eliminating software adjustments in circuits based on digital logic improves robustness and reduces cost for small-production-run series. This circuit is a cost-improved version of classical QPSK ...
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