Abstract: We propose a continuous-variable quantum secret sharing scheme based on multi-ring discrete modulation, which we called MR-CVQSS. In this scheme, phase shift keying (PSK)-modulated coherent ...

Abstract: This article analyzes the stability of probabilistic Boolean networks (PBNs) with switching discrete probability distribution (DPD). First, the dynamics of PBNs with switching DPD is ...

Christina Majaski writes and edits finance, credit cards, and travel content. She has 14+ years of experience with print and digital publications. Khadija Khartit is a strategy, investment, and ...

The total area under the curve must equal 1, representing the fact that the probability of some outcome occurring within the entire range is certain. \[\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}f\left(x\right)dx=1\] ...

Where \(X\) is a normally distributed random variable with mean \(\mu\) and standard deviation \(\sigma\). The peak of the curve occurs at \(x=\mu\), and the spread ...