EXPORT MECHANISM: The tRNA must mature inside the nucleus before export. tRNAs are aminoacylated, and only tRNAs charged with an amino acid are exported efficiently. Export occurs when the tRNA is ...

Researchers have discovered the first protein quality control system in the yeast nucleus. They report that the system involves an ubiquitin-protein ligase that specifically targets four distinct ...

Intracellular machines called ribosomes use messenger-RNA sequences to synthesize proteins. Investigations using single-molecule imaging and cryo-electron microscopy techniques reveal structural and ...

Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) systems are a powerful platform with immense potential in fundamental research, biotechnology, and synthetic biology. Conventional prokaryotic CFPS systems, ...