If \(A\) is a \(3\times 3\) matrix then we can apply a linear transformation to each rgb vector via matrix multiplication, where \([r,g,b]\) are the original values ...

Vector spaces, linear transformation, matrix representation, inner product spaces, isometries, least squares, generalised inverse, eigen theory, quadratic forms, norms, numerical methods. The fourth ...

Fuzzy normed linear spaces extend conventional normed spaces by integrating a degree of imprecision through fuzzy set theory, thereby quantifying uncertainty in the measurement of vector magnitude. In ...